Medical metals refer to metals and alloys that are specifically used in healthcare and medical applications due to their biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, strength, and other specific properties required for medical devices, implants, and equipment. These materials undergo rigorous testing and must meet strict standards to ensure they are safe and effective for use in the human body.

Types of Medical Metals:

  1. Stainless Steel: Stainless steel is one of the most commonly used metals in medical applications due to its excellent corrosion resistance and strength. It is used in surgical instruments, orthopedic implants, dental instruments, and medical devices.
  2. Titanium: Titanium and its alloys are known for their high strength-to-weight ratio, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. They are extensively used in orthopedic implants (such as hip and knee replacements), dental implants, surgical instruments, and medical devices.
  3. Cobalt-Chromium Alloys: Cobalt-chromium alloys are extremely hard and wear-resistant, making them suitable for orthopedic implants, such as joint replacements and bone plates. They also have good biocompatibility.
  4. Nickel Alloys: Nickel alloys, such as Nitinol (a nickel-titanium alloy), are used in medical devices due to their shape memory and superelastic properties. They are used in stents, guidewires, and other minimally invasive devices.
  5. Aluminum and its Alloys: Aluminum alloys are lightweight and corrosion-resistant, making them suitable for certain medical applications such as orthopedic braces and supports.
  6. Precious Metals (Gold, Silver, Platinum): Precious metals are used in medical applications for their inertness and biocompatibility. They are used in dental work, surgical instruments, and as coatings on implants.
  7. Biodegradable Metals: Some metals, such as magnesium alloys, are designed to degrade over time within the body, eliminating the need for a second surgery to remove implants. They are used in temporary implants and devices.

These types of medical metals undergo specific processing and testing to ensure they meet regulatory requirements and are safe for use in medical environments. The choice of metal depends on factors such as the intended application, mechanical properties required, biocompatibility, and durability.